How to Preserve Vegetables (20 ways)

How to preserve the harvest

When you get a fresh, delicious vegetable from the market, it makes sense to want to cook it and use it every last bit. However, your delicious veggie might go bad before you can use it if you're not careful.

Luckily, many techniques exist to preserve homegrown vegetables to last longer in your fridge or pantry. I've got 20 for you! Learn how to preserve vegetables from your garden, the store, or that zucchini your neighbor left you.

On the Counter

When it comes to preserving your veggies, you have many options. But if you want to store them on the counter, some simple tricks will help keep them fresh.

Use a shallow wooden bowl with a lid if you have space in your kitchen, and keep it away from direct sunlight. You can also store them in a paper bag —ensure they're not plastic. Or put them in plastic bags; make sure they're not too small and don't seal tightly around the vegetables. You can keep them in glass containers but leave enough room for air circulation so mold doesn't grow inside.

Refrigeration

Don't store with apples or onions; they produce gases that can cause your vegetables to rot quickly. Cold Storage is great for spinach and leafy greens, kale, broccoli and and many other cold-weather produce.

Freezer

The freezer is a great place to store your vegetables. You can ensure they are fresh and use them later in the year when you do not have any fresh vegetables available.

1. Store the vegetables in a plastic bag in the refrigerator for up to three days before freezing them.

2. Freeze your vegetables in a single layer on a parchment paper-lined baking sheet

3. Put individual servings of vegetables into airtight plastic, glass, or metal containers. Keep them frozen at 0 degrees F or below (32 degrees Celsius) for up to one year.

Don't forget to label anything you put into the freezer so that you can easily find it later!

Preserving in trays

Freezing vegetables in ice cube trays is a great way to preserve them. In addition, you can make small amounts of stock, pureed soups and sauces, pesto and other liquids, or even freeze fresh herbs.

If you have an abundance of vegetables or fruit, you can use ice cube trays to freeze small amounts. This is helpful if you have a favorite recipe that calls for a small amount of stock or other liquid but not enough to make a whole batch. Ice cube trays are also great for freezing pureed soups, sauces, pesto, and other liquids. Finally, of course, they're great for freezing herbs too!

Cold storage (a root cellar)

Creating a root cellar is a great way to preserve root vegetables and other preserved foods, but it's not for everyone. It can be a great solution if you have the space and budget. But maybe you don't have the space or money for a whole underground room!

A root cellar is a place near or adjacent to your home that's a cool, dark place to store your vegetables in the winter. It can include an underground room or a room built into the side of your house. Most often, it's lined with stone or brick, insulated, and has no windows or doors, so it stays dark and cool all year round.

A root cellar has drawbacks: if you live in an area with lots of humidity, mold can be a problem; they're typically only suitable for storing root crops like carrots, potatoes, and onions, and they're also expensive to build!

Drying them (dehydrating)

Dehydrating or drying food is one of the oldest methods for preserving vegetables, so you don't have to worry about it being unsafe. In fact, drying preserves the nutrients in your veggies—so they are actually more nutritious than fresh produce!

Drying is also a great way to use leftover veggies, herbs, and fruit when in season. For example, if there's an abundance of zucchini at your local farmer's market right now—you can dehydrate them so they'll last until next summer!

The easiest way to preserve fresh fruits and vegetables is using a food dehydrator. You can also dry food in the oven or in front of a fan (or outdoors). However unlikely it may sound: you can even do this at home without fancy equipment! Dehydrated foods can be rehydrated with hot water and are great for backpackers looking to travel light!

Store in vinegar

Vinegar is a liquid made from fermented alcohol. It's an acidic liquid that can help preserve vegetables.

Vinegar is a great way to store vegetables because it protects them from mold and other harmful microorganisms but doesn't harm the taste of your vegetables as much as salt solutions. In addition, vinegar has several health benefits! Many kinds of vinegar are made with apple cider or balsamic vinegar (which means they contain antioxidants). If you're interested in using vinegar as an ingredient, check out this article we wrote on making your own homemade salad dressing using different vinegar!

Short-Term Preservation Methods

Oven Roasting

Roasting them only takes a few minutes, and you can use them throughout the week.

Roasting vegetables brings out their natural sweetness and makes them easier to digest. It's also an excellent way to make fresh vegetab.es more accessible. In addition, roasted vegetables can be used in salads, soups, stews, and more!

Blanching

Blanching is a method that involves placing vegetables in boiling water quickly and immediately moving them to a bowl full of ice and water to stop the cooking process. This process preserves the vegetable's color, texture, and flavor while killing any bacteria that could make you sick if eaten.

Long-Term Preservation Methods

Water Bath Canning

Many home canners say that water bath canning is the easiest method and is a good option for beginner canners. The process involves placing the vegetables in jars and adding boiling water, vinegar, or lemon juice.

Glass mason jars are placed in a boiling water bath and processed for a required time. Then they're cooled and sealed before storing them in your pantry. 

Pressure Canning (Pressure Cooker)

Pressure canning is another popular method used by many home gardeners. However, it requires specialized equipment (a pressure canner) and knowledge of food safety issues, so it's not recommended for beginners new at preserving food.

Quick Pickling

The flavor of pickled vegetables is amazing and keeps their crunchy texture. You can use pickled vegetables in salads, sandwiches, or snacks. 

The acidity of vinegar prevents bacteria from growing on your food. In addition, the salt draws out excess moisture from the food and helps prevent spoilage while keeping the flavor intact.

You can make pickles with any vegetable or fruit, including cucumbers, carrots, radishes, onions, green beans, and more!

Fermentation

Fermented foods are probiotics and are great for gut health. They help increase your digestive enzymes, improve your immune system, and decrease bloating.

The salt helps break down the vegetable cells and creates an environment where lactic acid bacteria can flourish (which makes them so healthy).  

You can preserve vegetables by fermenting in a jar with water and salt (a brine) or add some salt directly to your vegetables if you don't have time to make a brine.

Vegetables that work well for fermenting include cabbage, cucumber, carrots, beets, radishes, kimchi (Korean fermented vegetables), sauerkraut (German fermented vegetables), kimchi (Korean spicy pickled cabbage), or pickles.

Lacto-fermentation

Lacto-fermentation is a simple and powerful method of preserving vegetables. The process involves adding salt to vegetables, allowing them to ferment for several days or weeks, and then refrigerating them. This method creates an acidic environment that inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria while preserving the nutritional value of the original vegetable.

Honey Ferments

Vacuum sealing

If you're looking to save money on your grocery bill by buying vegetables in bulk, vacuum sealing them is an excellent way to keep them fresh. You can get a vacuum sealer for under $100 these days, and they come with loads of different attachments that make it an easy option to keep everything from fruits and vegetables to meat, fish, and cheese fresh. Here's how it works:

Place your food in the bag you want to seal. Remove air by pressing down on the top of the bag until all air bubbles are gone or using a handheld pump that sucks out all the air from both sides of your bag (this will take some practice).

If you're unsure if there's enough space left for liquid expansion—and who wants an exploding jar of preserved tomatoes?—you might want to squeeze out another ounce or two before sealing up the baggie completely.

Apply pressure evenly across every inch of your sealed package using at least two hands, holding it firmly together so no leaks occur during the storage process (this will prevent any unwanted moisture buildup).

Salt brine

Salt brine preserving/fermentation is a simple process that you can use to store vegetables for months. Of course, you'll need some basic kitchen equipment and ingredients, but these skills are instrumental in your back pocket when looking for ways to preserve vegetables.

As the name suggests, this method involves using salt and water to preserve produce.

Salt brine preserves vegetables by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that cause food spoilage, as well as any bacteria that might be present in your food. The salt concentration in the brine solution will help kill most microorganisms within 24 hours of exposure.

This method works best with fresh vegetables and fruits, although it's possible to preserve things like jams and jellies using salt brine preservation/fermentation techniques. After processing, you'll need to ensure plenty of nutrients are left in your fruit or vegetable so it can still ferment properly! 

Bottling in Oil (or Vinegar)

Bottling in oil (or vinegar) is another great way to preserve your veggies. It works especially well with cucumbers, green beans, hot peppers, tomatoes, and other summer fruits or vegetables that don't have much natural juice content on their own—make sure not to use too much salt when preparing them before bottling!

Brining (pickle-brine)

Pickling is another common way to preserve vegetables. The process involves submerging vegetables in a salty solution (known as a "brine") for several hours or days, which creates an environment too acidic for harmful bacteria but perfect for preserving the nutrition of your veggies without compromising their flavor. 

Sprouting (Microgreens)

The last method we'll cover here is sprouting—soaking seeds overnight before planting them in the soil so they can germinate faster than usual. Sprouts are incredibly beneficial for health because they contain vitamins and minerals!

It's important to remember that the best way to preserve your vegetables is by using home food preservation techniques that work best for you and your family. The more you know how to do this, the more likely you will be to keep a steady supply of fresh food year-round!